The Romanian Revolution (Romanian: Revoluția Română) was a series of riots and protests in Romania in December 1989. These were part of the Revolutions of 1989 that occurred in several Warsaw Pact countries. The Romanian Revolution started in the city of Timișoara and soon spread throughout the country. It ultimately resulted in the violent overthrow and execution of longtime President of Romania Nicolae Ceaușescu, and the end of the Socialist Republic of Romania. It was the last ouster of a Communist regime in a Warsaw Pact country during the events of 1989, and the only one that forcibly overthrew the country's government and resulted in the death of its leader as well as of many of the protesters.
Riots and street violence and murder in several Romanian cities over the course of roughly a week led the Romanian dictator to abandon power and flee Bucharest with his wife, Deputy Prime Minister Elena Ceaușescu. Captured in Târgoviște, they were tried in a show trial by a military tribunal on charges of genocide, damage to the national economy and abuse of power to execute military actions against the Romanian people. They were found guilty of all charges, and immediately executed on Christmas Day 1989, becoming the last persons ever condemned to death and executed in Romania.
In the wake of the revolution, 1,104 people died, 162 of these occurring in the protests that took place from 16 to 22 December 1989 and brought an end to the Ceaușescu regime and the remaining 942 in the riots before the seizure of power by a new political structure, the National Salvation Front. Most deaths occurred in cities such as Timișoara, Bucharest, Sibiu and Arad. The number of injured reached 3,352, of which 1,107 are for the period in which Ceaușescu still held power, and the remaining 2,245 are for the period after the seizure of power by the National Salvation Front.
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| Date of Issue: May 5, 2014 | Europa 2014 'National Music Instruments' |
A purely traditional folk instrument: the tulnic (similar with the alphorn). It is represented both in the hands of the angel appearing in the iconography of Voronet Monastery, Moldavia, a bold achievement of Moldavian craftsmen, and also in the hands of a mountain girl, a gentle keeper of ancient customs and traditions.
Thank you, Mihnea !
Sent on: May 19, 2014
Received on: May 27, 2014
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